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1.
Health sci. dis ; 19(1)2018.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1262782

RESUMO

Introduction et objectifs. L'association du diabète aux pathologies oto-rhino-laryngologiques est un fait classique. Cette association constitue par la difficulté thérapeutique et la gravité de ses complications, un problème clinique et thérapeutique. Notre étude avait pour but de décrire la prise en charge des pathologies ORL chez les diabétiques à l'Hôpital National Donka. Méthodologie. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale descriptive effectuée au mois de mai 2015. Elle a concerné tous les patients diabétiques vus en ambulatoires ou hospitalisés aux services ORL-CCF et d'Endocrinologie-Diabétologie de l'Hôpital National Donka, présentant un signe ORL et ayant accepté de participer à l'étude. Résultat. La prévalence des pathologies ORL chez les diabétiques était de 33%. Les sujets âgés d'au moins 56 ans étaient les plus représentés (75%) avec un écart type de 15 et des extrêmes de 2 et 90 ans. Les patients sans revenu étaient les plus atteints (58,6%). 78,9% des patients vivaient en zone urbaine. La quasi- totalité des patients ont été examiné en ambulatoire (92,9 %). Le diabète de type II a dominé la série (94,6%). L'hypertension artérielle représentait 51,6% des pathologies associées. L'hyperglycémie à jeun a été retrouvée chez 84,6% des patients (P=0,01). La rhino sinusite était la pathologie la plus fréquente (72,3%). Les antibiotiques, l'antalgique, la corticothérapie ont été les plus utilisés. Conclusion. Chez le sujet diabétique avec affection ORL, le diabète est le plus souvent mal contrôlé. La rhinosinusite est la pathologie la plus fréquente


Assuntos
África Subsaariana , Diabetes Mellitus , Otorrinolaringopatias/complicações
2.
Diabetes Metab ; 33(2): 114-20, 2007 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17363316

RESUMO

AIM: The authors present the results of the first survey conducted among the population of the Futa Jallon province in Guinea on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and associated risk factors for diabetes. METHOD: A random sample of the study population selected by cluster house sampling method included 1537 Guineans (807 women and 730 men) aged 35 years and above in urban (Labé) and rural (Fellö Koundoua-Tougué) areas. Participants were examined and administered a capillary whole blood glycemia test. RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 49.4 years. Participation rate was 77%. Overall crude diabetes and IFG prevalence were 6.1% and 13.4%, respectively. The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes using the standardized age distribution of Segi was 6.7% (95% CI: 5.5-7.9%). Subjects in the urban area had twice as much DM as in the rural area (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3-3.2). Out of the 94 subjects with DM, 66 had no prior history of disease. Urban location, age, waist to hip ratio, excess waist circumference, hypertension, raised systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly positively associated with DM. In multivariate analysis, only age (P=0.002) and waist circumference (P<0.05) remained independently associated with DM. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DM was higher than expected in urban and rural areas. The data support the conclusion that prevalence of DM is expected to increase with the aging of the population. The factors associated with diabetes are potentially modifiable. Therefore, primary prevention through lifestyle modifications may play a critical role in the control of DM.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Intolerância à Glucose/epidemiologia , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/metabolismo , Capilares , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
3.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) ; 67(4): 338-42, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17072239

RESUMO

Sexual dysfunction is frequent in the diabetic population. In Africa, medical care for erectile dysfunction is underprovided, profoundly altering the quality of life of the patients. We report the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in 187 diabetic patients followed in the department of Endocrinology of the Conakry teaching hospital. Prevalence was estimated from the French version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Erectile dysfunction concerned 90 patients (48%) of whom a severe form was observed in 54%, a moderate form in 35% and a mild form in 12%. The patients who presented erectile dysfunction were significantly older, displayed longer duration of diabetes with more complications (sensorial neuropathy and macroangiopathy) and often took drugs for associated cardiovascular diseases. In 28% of the cases, erectile dysfunction was associated with a decline in libido and in 26% with ejaculation disorders. In conclusion, erectile dysfunction is frequent and severe among diabetic patients in Guinea. The medical staff plays an essential role to initiate early diagnosis, promote psychological support and provide medication, if possible.


Assuntos
Complicações do Diabetes/epidemiologia , Disfunção Erétil/epidemiologia , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Angiopatias Diabéticas/complicações , Angiopatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Neuropatias Diabéticas/complicações , Neuropatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Disfunção Erétil/etiologia , Disfunção Erétil/fisiopatologia , Guiné/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
4.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis ; 10(9): 1036-40, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16964797

RESUMO

SETTING: Anti-tuberculosis centres in Conakry. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with tuberculosis (TB), identify the associated risk factors and describe the clinical signs of the association of TB and diabetes. METHOD: A total of 388 patients with TB selected by simple random sampling from the register of cases diagnosed in Conakry were examined and administered a capillary blood glycaemia test to detect diabetes. RESULTS: Thirteen cases of diabetes were identified, giving a prevalence rate of 3.35% (95%CI 1.35-5.35). Four (31%) had not been diagnosed before the survey. The diagnosis of diabetes preceded that of TB by an average of 5 years (range 1-9 years). The clinical characteristics of TB (frequent exposure to infection, site and proportion of new and retreated cases) did not differ from one group to another. Increased age (P < 0.0001), obesity (P < 0.005), sedentary lifestyle (P < 0.0004), and previous family history of diabetes (P = 0.04) or obesity (P = 0.04) were significantly associated with diabetes. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of diabetes among TB patients is higher than previously estimated for Guinea. Because of frequent co-morbidity, systematic testing for diabetes among TB patients may be recommended, particularly if risk factors are present.


Assuntos
Complicações do Diabetes/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência
5.
Diabetes Metab ; 32(2): 171-5, 2006 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16735967

RESUMO

AIM: Use of medicinal plants is widespread in Africa, particularly in Guinea where oral transmission of practices is part of the social ritual. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of diabetic patients who use herbal medicine and identify the types of plants in use. Reasons for using herbal medicine and the formulations employed were also noted. METHODS: A questionnaire on use of herbal medicine was proposed to all diabetic patients hospitalized or consulting the Endocrinology Unit of the Conakry University Hospital between April 1 and June 30, 2003. RESULTS: A total of 397 patients responded; 33% declared they used herbal medicine. They proposed many motivations, sometimes in association: belief in its efficacy (74%), easy access to medicinal plants (70%), lower cost (48%), and search for complete cure of diabetes (37%). Hearing about a positive experience had convinced 78% of the users to use herbal medicine. The majority of the users were satisfied (85%). One or more clinical manifestations occurring concomitantly with use of herbs was observed in 23 patients (18%), particularly gastrointestinal disorders (n = 10) and skin problems (n = 8). Two cases of hypoglycaemia were noted. CONCLUSION: Herbal medicine plays an important role in anti-diabetes treatment in Guinea. This type of treatment should be based on scientific evidence but very few studies have been conducted. Conditions of use should be better defined and patients should be informed of potential adverse effects.


Assuntos
Medicina Herbária , Adulto , Idoso , Custos e Análise de Custo , Escolaridade , Feminino , Guiné , Medicina Herbária/economia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fitoterapia , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Mali Med ; 21(3): 19-22, 2006.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19435002

RESUMO

The objectives of this transverse study were to clarify the prevalence of the hypertension in Foutah-Djallon in Guinea, the influence of the environment (rural or urban areas) and to identify the associated metabolic abnormalities (AMA) (hyperglycaemia, weighty excess). 1537 subjects of 35 and more years old living in urban zones (Labé, n=886) and in rural areas (Fellö-Koundoua in Tougué, n=651), were selected by a cluster sampling, and examined between February 1st and March 31st, 2003.The prevalence of the hypertension (blood pressure: BP > or = 140/90 mm of Hg) was 43.6% in urban areas, 14.9% in rural areas (p < 0.001). The subjects living in urban areas had more often a weighty excess and were more sedentary. Among them, 3.6% presented an AMA (waist measurement > or = 95 cms in the man and > or = 88 cms in the woman, BP > or = 130/85 mm of Hg, and fasting capillary blood glycaemia > or = 1.10 g/l) against 0.3% in the subjects living in rural areas. These results confirm the important role of the changes of way of life (urbanization and sedentary) in the increase of the prevalence of the hypertension and the AMA in Africa. Appropriate programs educational sanitary in wide scale are indispensable.


Assuntos
Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atividade Motora , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Saúde da População Rural , Saúde da População Urbana
7.
Mali Med ; 21(4): 42-6, 2006.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19437846

RESUMO

It is a retrospective study of descriptive type on a 4 years period, from April 1, 1999 to March 31, 2003. The aim was to determine factors bound to morbidity and mortality of renal affections in the Conakry University Hospital Center Nephrology Unit. The study was based on 606 hospitalized patients of whom 21 dialysed. The study's references were age, sex, renal affections frequency, mortality, associated pathologies, hospitalization period, death hours and other factors of cardio-vascular risks (tobacco, alcohol). Patients having answered to the selection criteria were 365 men (60.23%) and 241 women (39.77%) with a sex ratio of 1.51. The average age was 44 +/- 17 years old with extremes of 15 and 95 years old; 16.34% of the patients were aged less than 25 years and 14.03% were more than 65 years old. According to the charge taking, 462 (76.24%) were at their neighbors' charge, only 144 (23.76%) could take themselves in charge for their medical care. According to the received treatment before hospitalization, 357 had consumed decoctions of leaves and roots, 86 consulted a health center. The average period of hospitalization was 13 +/- 9 days with extremes of 1 and 80 days. Nicotine addiction was observed with 183 patients of whom 181 were men and alcoholism with 134 patients of whom 122 were men. Renal affections were chronic renal failure (51%), arterial hypertension (30.36%), chronic kidney disease (8.09%), intense renal failure (7.59%), urinary infections (1.65%), intense kidney disease (0.99%) and kidney cancer (0.33%). Among them, 130 deaths were observed (21.45%). According to the period going on before the medical check up, 24 death occurred 2 weeks after the first symptom, and 106 after more than a month. Considering the hours, 33 death (25.38%) occurred between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. and 63 deaths (48.47%) between 4 p.m. and 8 a.m.; in 34 cases, the hour was not specified. Mortality was due to chronic renal failure in 97 cases (74.61%), to arterial hypertension in 19 cases (14.62%) and to other affections in 14 cases (0.77%). Infections, diabetes, arterial hypertension and anemia sickle cells were renal risk factors. Morbidity and mortality factors were numerous and varied: medical check up delay, traditional cure, patients 'weak turnover, lack of medical care, lack of required equipment and the absence of popular health education.


Assuntos
Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Nefropatias/epidemiologia , Unidade Hospitalar de Urologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Complicações do Diabetes , Feminino , Guiné/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Nefropatias/etiologia , Nefropatias/mortalidade , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Renais/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pielonefrite/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Taxa de Sobrevida
9.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 21(4): 42-46, 2006. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265496

RESUMO

Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective de type descriptif sur une période de 4 ans, allant du 01Avril 1999 au 31 Mars 2003. L'objectif était de déterminer les facteurs liés à la morbidité et à la mortalité des affections rénales dans le service de Néphrologie du CHU de Conakry. L'étude a portésur 606 patients hospitalisés dont 21 dialysés. Les paramètres de l'étude étaient l'âge, le sexe, lafréquence des affections rénales, la mortalité, les pathologies associées, le délai de consultation, laprise en charge, le traitement reçu avant l'hospitalisation, la durée d'hospitalisation, les horaires de décès et certains facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires (tabac, alcool). Les malades ayant réponduaux critères de sélection étaient 365 hommes (60,23%) et 241 femmes (39,77%) avec un sex-ratio de1,51. La moyenne d'âge était de 44 ± 17 ans avec des extrêmes de 15 et 95 ans ; 16,34% des patients étaient âgés de moins de 25 ans et 14,03% avaient plus de 65 ans. Selon la prise en charge, 462 (76,24%) étaient à la charge de leur entourage, seuls 144 (23,76%) pouvaient se prendre en charge pour les soins. Selon le traitement reçu avant l'hospitalisation, 357 avaient consommé des décoctions de feuilles et de racines, 86 avaient consulté un centre de santé. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation a été de 13 ± 9 jours avec des extrêmes de 1 et 80 jours. Le tabagisme avait été observé chez 183 malades dont 181 hommes et l'alcoolisme chez 134 malades dont 122 hommes. Les affections rénales étaient l'insuffisance rénale chronique (51%), l'hypertension artérielle (30,36%), les glomérulonéphrites chroniques (8,09%), l'insuffisance rénale aiguë (7,59%), les infections urinaires (1,65%) les glomérulonéphrites aiguës (0,99%) et le cancer du rein (0,33%). Parmi eux, 130 décès avaient été observés soit 21,45%. Selon le délai écoulé avant la consultation, 24 décès étaient survenus 2 semaines après le premier symptôme et 106 après plus d'un mois.Suivant les horaires, 33 décès (25,38%) étaient survenus entre 8h et 16h et 63 décès (48,47%) entre 16h et 8h ; dans 34 cas, l'heure n'était pas précisée. La mortalité était due à l'insuffisance rénale chronique dans 97 cas, soit 74,61%, à l'hypertension artérielle dans 19 cas, soit 14,62% et aux autres affections dans 14 cas, soit 0,77%. Les infections, le diabète, l'hypertension artérielle et la drépanocytose étaient les facteurs de risque rénal. Les facteurs de morbidité et de mortalité étaient nombreux et variés à savoir : le retard à la consultation, le traitement traditionnel, le faiblerevenu des malades, l'absence de couverture sanitaire, le manque de prise en charge correct au cours des gardes, le manque d'équipement adéquat et l'absence d'éducation sanitaire populaire


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , Guiné , Morbidade , Mortalidade , Nefrologia , Insuficiência Renal
10.
Benin medical ; : 27-30, 2005.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259620

RESUMO

Les objectifs de l'étude étaient de préciser les conditions d'utilisation et la fiabilité des résultats des lecteurs de glycémie utilisés par le personnel soignant au Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire (CHU) de Conakry. Chaque lecteur en utilisation (n=21) a été testé sur les mêmes prélèvements capillaires, en normoglycémie et en hyperglycémie par rapport à la valeur cible de référence : l'analyseur HemoCue B glucose®. Des données complémentaires ont été recueillies au près de chaque utilisateur qui a été ensuite soumis à une observation directe pendant qu'il effectuait une glycémie. Les appareils recensés étaient de la marque Life scan® (n=17) et Roche® (n=4). Le modèle le plus utilisé était le One Touch Basic® (n=7). En moyenne, les résultats rendus par les différents lecteurs de glycémies s'écartaient de la référence de 0,09 g/L (soit 9,7% de la valeur de référence) en normoglycémie et de 1,40g/l (soit 26%) en hyperglycémie. Les valeurs obtenues par 81% des lecteurs de glycémie étaient à plus de 15% de la valeur cible de référence. Aucun utilisateur n'employait les bandelettes de contrôle. Deux lecteurs étaient souillés de sang et aucun port de gants lors de la réalisation des glycémies n'a été observé. La formation des utilisateurs et un contrôle de qualité régulier des lecteurs de glycémies pourraient prévenir le risque induit de traitement inadapté ou de transmission nosocomiale d'infection


Assuntos
Glicemia , Automonitorização da Glicemia , Guiné , Higiene , Controle de Qualidade
11.
Benin medical ; : 52-55, 2005. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259623

RESUMO

L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire les principales lésions retrouvées et d'identifier les facteurs de risque associés aux lésions du pied diabétique parmi les patients suivis au CHU de Donka. Nous avons réalisé une étude de type cas-témoins dans laquelle 30 patients qui avaient un pied diabétique (cas) ont été comparés à 60 patients diabétiques indemnes de lésion du pied (témoins) selon les caractéristiques de personne, celles du diabète, les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire et les complications liées au diabète. Les lésions observées étaient l'infection dans 22 cas (62 %), la gangrène sèche dans 9 cas (26 %), l'ostéite dans 3 cas (9%) et le mal perforant plantaire dans 1 cas (3%). Les facteurs de risque du pied diabétique identifiés étaient la neuropathie sensitive (p=0,006), l'artérite des membres inférieurs (p=0,001) et le mauvais équilibre glycémique (p=0,01). Un bon équilibre du diabète associé à une éducation de ces patients à risque podologique élevé, focalisée sur ces facteurs de risque, permettrait de prévenir les lésions du pied


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Pé Diabético , Prevenção de Doenças , Guiné
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